Flink CDC实现实时同步mysql数据

mtain 2023年08月24日 315次浏览

说明

CDC 是 Change Data Capture（变更数据获取）的简称。核心思想是，监测并捕获数据库的变动（包括数据或数据表的插入、更新以及删除等），将这些变更按发生的顺序完整记录下来，写入到消息中间件中以供其他服务进行订阅及消费。

Flink CDC 是一个独立的开源项目，项目代码托管在 GitHub 上。Flink 社区开发了 flink-cdc-connectors 组件，这是一个可以直接从 MySQL、PostgreSQL 等数据库直接读取全量数据和增量变更数据的 source 组件。

Github：https://github.com/ververica/flink-cdc-connectors
文档：https://ververica.github.io/flink-cdc-connectors/

代码示例

1. 软件版本

jdk 1.8
flink 1.15.0
flinkcdc 2.4.0

2. 项目依赖

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>flink-job</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
        <flink.version>1.15.0</flink.version>
        <flinkcdc.version>2.4.0</flinkcdc.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-java</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-clients</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-streaming-java</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-connector-base</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-table-common</artifactId>
            <version>1.15.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ververica</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-connector-mysql-cdc</artifactId>
            <version>${flinkcdc.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.ververica</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-connector-postgres-cdc</artifactId>
            <version>${flinkcdc.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.68</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <version>42.6.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.20</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-core</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-access</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

3. MySQLCDC代码

package job.demo;

import com.ververica.cdc.connectors.mysql.source.MySqlSource;
import com.ververica.cdc.debezium.JsonDebeziumDeserializationSchema;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.eventtime.WatermarkStrategy;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;


public class MySQLCDC {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        MySqlSource<String> mySqlSource = MySqlSource.<String>builder()
                .hostname("192.168.100.101")
                .port(3306)
                .databaseList("test") // 设置捕获的数据库， 如果需要同步整个数据库，请将 tableList 设置为 ".*".
                .tableList("test.posts") // 设置捕获的表
                .username("root")
                .password("密码")
                .deserializer(new JsonDebeziumDeserializationSchema()) // 将 SourceRecord 转换为 JSON 字符串
                .build();

        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();

        // 设置 3s 的 checkpoint 间隔
        env.enableCheckpointing(3000);

        env
                .fromSource(mySqlSource, WatermarkStrategy.noWatermarks(), "MySQL Source")
                // 设置 source 节点的并行度为 4
                .setParallelism(4)
                .print().setParallelism(1); // 设置 sink 节点并行度为 1

        env.execute("Print MySQL Snapshot + Binlog");

    }
}

4. 运行

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5. 本地运行结果

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6. 部署到flink集群

jar打包时，要将cdc的依赖一起打包

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1.2</version>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

单节点flink，注意修改代码中的并行度

        env
                .fromSource(mySqlSource, WatermarkStrategy.noWatermarks(), "MySQL Source")
                // 设置 source 节点的并行度为 4
                .setParallelism(1)
                .print().setParallelism(1); // 设置 sink 节点并行度为 1

上传jar包，执行类
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其它

1.自定义sink

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MySQLCDC.java


import com.ververica.cdc.connectors.mysql.source.MySqlSource;
import com.ververica.cdc.debezium.JsonDebeziumDeserializationSchema;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.eventtime.WatermarkStrategy;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;


public class MySQLCDC {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        MySqlSource<String> mySqlSource = MySqlSource.<String>builder()
                .hostname("192.168.100.101")
                .port(3306)
                .databaseList("test") // 设置捕获的数据库， 如果需要同步整个数据库，请将 tableList 设置为 ".*".
                .tableList("test.posts") // 设置捕获的表
                .username("root")
                .password("密码")
                .deserializer(new JsonDebeziumDeserializationSchema()) // 将 SourceRecord 转换为 JSON 字符串
                .build();

        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment();

        // 设置 3s 的 checkpoint 间隔
        env.enableCheckpointing(3000);

        DataStreamSource<String> streamSource  = env.fromSource(mySqlSource, WatermarkStrategy.noWatermarks(), "MySQL Source")
                // 设置 source 节点的并行度为 4
                .setParallelism(1);

        // 使用自定义sink
        streamSource.addSink(new ChangeSink());

        env.execute("Print MySQL Snapshot + Binlog");
    }
}

ChangeSink.java

import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.sink.SinkFunction;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class ChangeSink implements SinkFunction<String> {
    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

    @Override
    public void invoke(String value, Context context) throws Exception {
        logger.info("数据输出:"+value);
        SinkFunction.super.invoke(value, context);
    }

}

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